How to play Monopoly

Objective

Outlast the other players by buying property and collecting rent. Owning the most cash midway through play does not end the game: the winner is the last player who has not gone bankrupt.

This page follows the US 2–6-player C1009 Classic edition. Names and currency symbols vary between countries. Use your own board and deeds for printed prices; themed, electronic-banking and older editions may change rules.

Setup

Choose a banker, who may also play but must keep personal money separate. Give each player 1,500: two 500s, four 100s, one 50, one 20, two 10s, one 5 and five 1s. The bank keeps the remaining money, unsold deeds and buildings.

Shuffle Chance and Community Chest separately and place them face down. Each player puts a token on GO. Everyone rolls both dice; the highest total starts, with play passing left.

Turns

Roll both dice, move clockwise by their total and resolve your destination. Doubles normally give another roll after resolving the space. On your third consecutive doubles roll, go directly to jail without making that move. Being sent to jail ends your turn.

Buying and auctions

On an unowned street, railroad or utility, either pay its printed price and take its deed, or let the banker auction it. Everyone may bid, including the player who declined to buy. Bidding begins at 10 and may increase by as little as 1; bidding need not follow turn order. The highest bidder pays the bank. If nobody bids, the bank keeps the deed.

Rent and board spaces

On another player’s property, pay the rent on the deed if the owner asks before the next player rolls. Mortgaged property collects no rent. A complete colour set doubles rent on its undeveloped, unmortgaged streets, even if another street in that set is mortgaged.

Railroad rent depends on how many the owner holds: 25, 50, 100 or 200 for one through four. For utilities, roll the dice to determine rent: multiply the total by four if the owner holds one utility, or ten if they hold both. Follow a movement card’s special rent instruction when it differs.

• GO: collect 200 when passing or landing on it, unless sent directly to jail.
• Chance or Community Chest: draw, follow the card and return it underneath its deck. Keep a Get Out of Jail Free card until used or traded.
• Tax: pay the amount on the space to the bank.
• Free Parking: nothing happens; there is no cash jackpot.
• Just Visiting: landing here normally does not put you in jail.

Jail

Go directly to jail when a space or card says so, or after three consecutive doubles. Do not collect GO money on that move. While jailed, you may still collect rent, trade, mortgage, bid and buy buildings.

At the start of a later turn, pay 50 or use a Get Out of Jail Free card, then roll and move normally. Alternatively, try to roll doubles. Success releases you: move by that roll but do not roll again. After three failed attempts, pay 50 and move by the third roll.

Buildings, trades and mortgages

You may buy houses as soon as you own a complete colour set, even between turns, provided none of its streets is mortgaged. Pay each deed’s building price and build evenly: every street must have one house before any gets a second. Four houses on every street allow hotel upgrades; pay the hotel price and return that street’s four houses. One hotel is the maximum per street.

Buildings are limited to those in the box. If competing buyers want the last available building, auction it. If none remain, wait for some to return to the bank; do not substitute extra counters.

Trade property, money and Get Out of Jail Free cards at agreed prices. Before trading a street, sell every building in its colour set to the bank. Buildings cannot be traded directly. Players cannot lend each other money or agree to waive rent.

To mortgage a property, first sell all buildings in its colour set, evenly, for half their cost. Turn the deed face down and collect its mortgage value. To lift the mortgage, pay that value plus 10%. Someone receiving a mortgaged deed must immediately lift the mortgage or pay 10% interest to retain it; lifting it later still costs the mortgage value plus 10%.

Worked example

You own three streets with houses distributed 1–1–1. You may buy another house for any street, giving 2–1–1. You cannot build 3–1–1: buy a second house on both remaining streets first. Each purchase still costs the amount on that street’s deed.

Winning

When you owe more cash than you have, raise money by selling buildings and mortgaging property. If you still cannot pay, you are bankrupt and leave the game.

If the debt is to another player, transfer your remaining assets and Get Out of Jail Free cards to that creditor after selling buildings back to the bank. The mortgage-transfer charges apply. If the debt is to the bank, return your properties for immediate auction, cancel their mortgages and return jail cards to their decks. Continue until one player remains.

Common mistakes

• Skipping an auction when someone declines a property.
• Collecting a Free Parking pot or paying extra for landing exactly on GO.
• Building unevenly or borrowing extra houses when the bank runs out.
• Collecting rent on mortgaged property.
• Taking another roll after doubles release you from jail.

Variants

Free Parking jackpots, player loans and immunity from rent are house rules. Older editions may use different tax options or rent-claim deadlines. Monopoly Deal, Monopoly Junior and electronic-banking editions need their own instructions; they are not this ruleset.